Firearm



June 5, 1945. M. M.,JOHNSON, JR

FIREARM Filed July 1, 1944 Patented June 5, 1945 touMelvin Johnson,Brookline, Edward E.

Rice,;B0ston,-:Mass;, and himself, as trustees of the lehns mlf tentstL-BestQngMgss-J;

Agn ieetieh' we h ettee:eea ue (Q h re'la This inten ien :eleteete fireams 9i the-type h ing nmeet neh lt ltieh rotate inteen utot. leekine Pition t the. t ward. end. of. its st oke endmere arti ula te fi earmsu ithe type u'whieh the u lqe ingp the h l -isefieetiby e her eeoilmeement.o th barr l. and which. the...r eo ..spr n acts on t e.. t thnou hat. pusher .ha i ge earn sur ace Whieh ,c msthe.heltintoloe ed .p sitine th forwar end otit as ll DI QlT,D&tIL ..29%,156; .14amtenazelstto.

i et 3 si stqnplettview. o -these ntfe por ion .2. he fi earm en F et.use e p emview. o :the b l -ehd pusher, showing inb Qlienlines the.mpreve l meenst qr p eventinelleb undt.

The..- pex ieulet mbedime .t .012 the: inventt n heee llli. 1 1. 1:urpese Q il es ze i n. is. e fire:

heleinetheieeoil. spr n ndthe-lswer.tubeieenr st htinepe. ompa ment. or.r pai -9.001s. er t e i s mulderrpieee hich .1%} se z es as. e e: "fee:the teen ends Qi the. eereeeid. tubes, e ver n p vot d; at. e teewineupwa dly outoffline with the rear ends ofjthetupes a re,- coiling.barrel 1, a shie 1d, 8 surrounding the rear end: of the barrel' g, foregrip 9 pivotally, mount? edonthe forward end ofthe' shield', a magazineH; a. bolt mend-a pusher tithe bolt l2 having an-aotuating -hand1e*l4projecting outwardly through a slot l5 in the--right-h and sideof thereceiver f'or use 71H? manuallymetracting thebolt. The; forward end oftheslot-is wider to form antejectiomopening1 6. Opposite this opening isEQ AEE f fw lffillizalfoundithegream end oi; the push- .eetinereeeih ras eul er; 8,011; the. push? The; pusher. l-3 -s 1 provi d;-,.,w-ith-.1a; vertiggal aemsuxieeeitoftbe pusherhressm e etnst h ten ieull' whichnrpieetsior erstly eve he. elt and -P l yidQL. Zfi its. fo wa d. end. wih e eem whiehprejeete u wardly into a e tltiinthet l? o fthe i eeiyerto. nreventrotetien. e 'th Rusher- The; halt. L2: is. else .n qvided" Wihen. upward .prgr jeetim. 2.1 hes/me. a. c m .eu i 2 en ee eb e with.hes r eee' e and. ehqth eem. surf ce. 9 enees able :with. the. urface. 1thee. .cei. i. The. p iee p -2Taheeaxfiae. he e? tm i n. the emot 2.6.;Wh le; he. bel :r-eeipr mee in heels a d. tort At itsg enwerd; end. thebelt-is ie tleizwith en. mu let: oi q ki e neeeeehl hind. 1 mg ss the Dtails. of ee s tuet pnu f the. enous Qtt e firearm. tiis q ei i est-Penin ape teat me fierieLNumhers ..4.. ;0.s9,i. L5L 8;9rt @119 eteuezinleeAuguste; 19.4% A s a. sl ght". e ee tenee b tw enuth .cem suri ees .9.and. 3. ;Whehthe bol s.ih..its .fprwerd; oelsettnoe tien... Thus whenthe. gun i firedthe. oltend; barrel; zreeq i ts;- Iee her- 9. 1 a hhort. dis eneei. t e. s rface 29.0mm o tr t eeuxfeeetl Q .11 1 .r eeitetthe. bottl 10 L in. eeun eltel ehw se dir ttismi thereb junl' kine. thebolt fr m. the

harreh .f lheheltthen eentinues. its. re oil lone,

their-Q112 3.2 12 same, into. the. move. 2 the t p tehe nthe be t rem noti W'thi .-v it; is-mevine heels attdt f i th Asthe bolt returns to itsforward position ther o llerjz eev sthe. r ove. 2.6, the. olt. th ubeme,t e to exotetett l ekmseii theloc p Ihis retetion.. nto ekede pe ition1s iecte by the soe, 28;Qf..-thb lt. I hi J OW 3g mere: men-t Qt halt;not. oh'1Y-b1finssth ,Qek ...e; .l .s 3 eh ndthe1ues ohthebex te bl t.elsehrinss theeem eurt ee. 2 o the. belt in ine wit th eem eut'i. e 1on. the.1.:eeeiver.... husth eg hi ulled.thiseyel .eiioh mtipne sz'epea. .di lne mueh as: he e z geine emstmmio'h en nnede oiionemtionis.deser bedinidete l in the ieiqles id. patents .mrtheg tieser hi his.eerdine t9. thls hv-e ttien th ..e'hound chapter.- acted by a pawl 36which is pivoted at 3'l'betwe'e two ears. 33 on. theleftrh nd-s cLeQf...the-re ceiy'er. A..s- X :a: .3.9, ursesthe .r erwa hendjov ithehawl utvtandlt; ther b te tine. theaters/Saud end 9 the pawl inwardlyagainst the roller 24' on the pusher. Inasmuch as the counterclockwiserebound of the bolt tends to urge the pusher rearwardly, through the camsurfaces 23 and 28, the

rebound is yieldingly counteracted by the pawl 36. However the forwardend 4| on the pawl is inclined sufficiently to be cammed out of the pathofthe roller 24 when the gun is fired, As the bolt and pusher arrive atthe forward position shown in Figs. 3 and 4 the pawl 36 snaps behind theroller 24 to prevent the aforesaid rebound.

It should be understood that the present disclosure is for the purposeof illustration only and that this invention includes all modificationsand equivalents which fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Iclaim:

1. A firearm of the type having a short recoil movement of the barrel, areciprocating bolt which rotates into and out of locked position at theforward end of its reciprocatory movement, the bolt having locking lugsand a rearwardly facing cam surface, a forwardly facing cam in the pathof said bolt surface for rotating the bolt into unlocked position duringsaid short recoi1,

a recoil spring, a reciprocatory pusher interposed between the springand bolt with a forwardly facing cam for rotating th bolt into lockedposition as the bolt approaches the forward end of its recoil movement,the pusher having a rearwardly facing abutment, and a spring detentwhich snaps behind said abutment when the pusher reaches the forward endof its recoil movement, thereby to restrain rebound of both th pusherand bolt.

2. A firearm of the type having a short recoil movement of the barrel, areciprocating bolt which rotates into and outof locked position at theforward end of its reciprocatory movement, the bolt having locking lugsand a rearwardly facing cam surface, a forwardly facing cam in the pathof said bolt surface for rotating the bolt into unlocked position duringsaid short recoil, a recoil spring, a reciprocatory pusher interposedbetween the spring and bolt with'a forwardly facing cam for rotating thebolt intolocked position as the bolt approaches the forward end of itsrecoil movement, the pusher having a rearwardly facing abutment, and aspring detent which snaps behind said abutment when the pusher reachesthe forward end of its recoil movement, the engaging surface-of thedetent being inclined sufilciently to cam out of the path of theabutment when the bolt recoils.

3. Afirearm of the type having a short recoil movement of the barrel, areceivena, reciprocating. bolt which rotates into and out of lockedposition at the forward end of its reciprocatory movement, the bolthaving locking lugs and a rearwardly facing cam surface, the receiverhaving a forwardly facing cam surface in the path of said bolt surfacefor rotating the bolt into unlocked position during said short recoil, arecoil spring, a reciprocatory pusher interposed between the spring andbolt with a forwardly facing cam for rotating the bolt into lockedposition as the bolt approaches the forward end of its recoil movement,the pusher having a guide projecting radially into a guideway in thereceiver togrestrain rotation of the pusher, and a spring detent whichsnaps behind said guide when the pusher reaches the forward end of itsrecoil movement, thereby to restrain rebound of both the pusher and thebolt.

4. A firearm of the type having a short recoil movement of the barrel, areceiver, a reciprocating bolt which rotates into and out of lockedposition at the forward end of its reciprocatory movement, the bolthaving locking lugs and a rearwardly facing cam surface, the receiverhaving a forwardly facing cam surface in the path of said bolt surfacefor rotating the bolt into unlocked position during said short recoil, arecoil spring, a reciprocatory pusher interposed between the spring andbolt with a forwardly facing cam for rotating the boltintolockedposition as the bolt approaches the forward end of its recoil movement,the pusher having a guide projecting radially into a guideway in thereceiver to restrain rotation of the pusher, and a spring detent whichsnaps behind saidguide when the pusher reaches the forward end of itsrecoil movement, the engaging surface of the detent being inclinedsufficiently to cam out of the path of the guide when the bolt recoils.

5. A firearm of the type having a short recoil movement of the barrel, areceiver, a reciprocating bolt which rotates into and out of lockedposition at the forward end of its reciprocatory movement, the bolthaving locked lugs and a rearwardly facing cam surface, the receiverhaving a forwardly facing cam surface in the path of said bolt surfacefor rotating the bolt into unlocked position during said short recoil, arecoil spring, a reciprocatory pusher interposed between the spring andbolt with a forwardly facing cam for rotating the bolt into lockedposition as the bolt approaches the forward end of its recoil movement,said receiver having a longitudinal guideway along the bolt chamber, aroller mounted on the pusher to project into the guideway to restrainrotation of the pusher, and a spring detent which engages behind saidroller when the pusher reaches I the forward end of its recoil movement.

6. A firearm of the type having a short, recoil movement of the barrel,9, receiver, a reciprocating bolt which rotates into and out of lockedposition at the forward end of its reciprocatory movement, the bolthaving locking lugs and a. rearwardly facing cam surface, the receiverhaving a forwardly facing cam surface in the path of said bolt surfacefor rotating the bolt into unlocked position'during said short recoil, arecoil spring, a reciprocatory pusher interposed between the spring andbolt with a forwardly facing cam for rotatingthe bolt into lockedposition as the bolt approaches the forward end of its recoil movement,said receiver having a longitudinal guideway along the bolt chamber, aroller mounted on the pusher to project into'the guideway to restrainrotation of the pusher, and a spring detent which engages behind saidroller .when the pusher reaches the forward end of its recoil movement,the engagingsurface of the detent being inclined sufliciently to cam outof the path of the roller when the bolt recoils.

7. A firearm of the type having a short recoil movement of the barrel, areceiver, a reciprocating bolt'which' rotates into and out of lockedposition at the forward end of its reciprocatory movement, the bolthaving locking lugs and a rearwardly facing cam surface, the receiver,having a forwardly facing cam surface in the path of said bolt surfacefor rotating the bolt into unlocked position during said short recoil, arecoil spring, a reciprocatory pusher interposed between the spring andbolt with a forwardly facing cam for rotating the bolt into lockedposition as the bolt approaches the-forward end of its recoil movement,said receiver having a longitudinal guideway along the bolt chamber, aroller mounted on the pusher to project into the guideway to restrainrotation of the pusher, and a spring detent which engages behind saidroller when the pusher reaches the forward end of its recoil movement,the engaging surface of the detent being inclined sufilciently to camout of the path of the roller when the bolt recoils, the detentcomprising a pivoted pawl extending lengthwise of the bolt with itsforward end swinging into and out of restraining position behind saidabutment.

8. A firearm of the type having a short recoil movement of the barrel, areceiver, a reciprocating bolt which rotates into and out of lockedposition at the forward end of its reciprocatory movement, the bolthaving locking lugs and a rearwardly facing cam surface, the receiverhaving a forwardly facing cam surface in the path of said bolt surfacefor rotating the bolt into unlocked position during said short recoil, a

recoil spring, a reciprocatory pusher interposed between the spring andbolt with a forwardly facing cam for rotating the bolt into lockedposition as the bolt approaches the forward end of.

its recoil movement, said receiver having a lonof its recoil movement,the engaging surfaceof the detent being inclined sufiiciently to cam outof the path of the roller when the bolt recoils, the detent comprising apivoted pawl extending lengthwise of the bolt with its forward endswinging into and out of restraining position behind said abutment andsaid forward end being inclined suificiently to cam out of the path ofthe abutment when the bolt recoils.

MELVIN M. JOHNSON, JR.

